/*
 * The MIT License (MIT)
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2015 Ziver Koc
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
 * AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
 * THE SOFTWARE.
 */

package zutil.io;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.RandomAccessFile;

/**
 * This class is a buffer for the RandomeAccesFile
 * Inspiration:
 * http://www.javaworld.com/javaworld/javatips/jw-javatip26.html
 * 
 * @author Ziver
 */
public class BufferedRandomAccessFile extends RandomAccessFile{
	// The size of the buffer in Byte
	private int BUF_SIZE = 64*1024;

	// The Buffer
	byte buffer[];
	// The end of the buffer
	int buf_end = 0;
	// The position in the buffer
	int buf_pos = 0;
	// The real file pointer position where the buffer starts
	long file_pos = 0;

	/**
	 * Create a instance of this buffer
	 * 
	 * @param filename is the file to read from
	 * @param mode as in {@link java.io.RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(File file, String mode)}
	 */
	public BufferedRandomAccessFile(String filename, String mode) throws IOException{
		this(new File(filename), mode);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Create a instance of this buffer
	 * 
	 * @param file is the file to read from
	 * @param mode as in {@link java.io.RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(File file, String mode)}
	 */
	public BufferedRandomAccessFile(File file, String mode) throws IOException{
		super(file,mode);
		invalidate();
		buffer = new byte[BUF_SIZE];    
	}
	
	/**
	 * Create a instance of this buffer
	 * 
	 * @param filename is the file to read from
	 * @param mode as in {@link java.io.RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(File file, String mode)}
	 * @param bufsize is the buffer size in bytes
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public BufferedRandomAccessFile(String filename, String mode, int bufsize) throws IOException{
		this(new File(filename), mode, bufsize);  
	}
	
	/**
	 * Create a instance of this buffer
	 * 
	 * @param file is the file to read from
	 * @param mode as in {@link java.io.RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(File file, String mode)}
	 * @param bufsize is the buffer size in bytes
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	public BufferedRandomAccessFile(File file, String mode, int bufsize) throws IOException{
		super(file,mode);
		invalidate();
		BUF_SIZE = bufsize;
		buffer = new byte[BUF_SIZE];
	}

	/**
	 * Reads in data from the file to the buffer
	 * 
	 * @return the buffer
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	private int fillBuffer() throws IOException {
		int n = super.read(buffer, 0, BUF_SIZE );
		if(n >= 0) {
			file_pos +=n;
			buf_end = n;
			buf_pos = 0;
		}
		return n;
	}

	/**
	 * Resets the buffer
	 * 
	 * @throws IOException
	 */
	private void invalidate() throws IOException {
		buf_end = 0;
		buf_pos = 0;
		file_pos = super.getFilePointer();
	}

	/**
	 * @return the next byte in the buffer
	 */
	public final int read() throws IOException{
		if(buf_pos >= buf_end) {
			if(fillBuffer() < 0)
				return -1;
		}
		if(buf_end == 0) {
			return -1;
		} else {
			buf_pos++;
			return buffer[buf_pos-1];
		}
	}
	
	/**
	 * Fills the given array with data from the buffer
	 * 
	 * @param b is the array that will be filled
	 * @return the amount of bytes read or -1 if eof
	 */
	public int read(byte b[]) throws IOException {
		return read(b, 0, b.length);
	}
	
	/**
	 * Reads a given length of bytes from the buffer
	 * 
	 * @param b is the array that will be filled
	 * @param off is the offset in the array
	 * @param len is the amount to read
	 * @return the amount of bytes read or -1 if eof
	 */
	public int read(byte b[], int off, int len) throws IOException {
		if(buf_pos >= buf_end) {
			if(fillBuffer() < 0)
				return -1; // EOF
		}
		
		// Copy from buffer
		int leftover = buf_end - buf_pos;
		if(len <= leftover) {
			System.arraycopy(buffer, buf_pos, b, off, len);
			buf_pos += len;
			return len;
		}
		
		System.arraycopy(buffer, buf_pos, b, off, leftover);
		int n = super.read(b, off+leftover, len-leftover );
		fillBuffer();
		if( n >= 0 )
			return leftover + n;
		return leftover;
		/*for(int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
			int c = this.read();
			if(c != -1)
				b[off+i] = (byte)c;
			else {
				return i;
			}
		}
		return len;*/
	}

	/**
	 * @return the file pointer in the file
	 */
	public long getFilePointer() throws IOException{
		long l = file_pos;
		return (l - buf_end + buf_pos) ;
	}
	
	/**
	 * Changes the file pointer to another position
	 * 
	 * @param pos The position to move the pointer to
	 */
	public void seek(long pos) throws IOException {
		int n = (int)(file_pos - pos);
		if(n >= 0 && n <= buf_end) {
			buf_pos = buf_end - n;
		} else {
			super.seek(pos);
			invalidate();
		}
	}

	/**
	 * This method is a replacement for readLine() 
	 * 
	 * @return the next line in the file
	 */
	 public final String readNextLine() throws IOException {
		String str = null;
		if(buf_end-buf_pos <= 0) {
			if(fillBuffer() < 0) {
				throw new IOException("Error filling buffer!");
			}
		}
		int lineend = -1;
		for(int i = buf_pos; i < buf_end; i++) {
			if(buffer[i] == '\n') {
				lineend = i;
				break;
			}
		}
		if(lineend < 0) {
			StringBuffer input = new StringBuffer(256);
			int c;
			while (((c = read()) != -1) && (c != '\n')) {
				input.append((char)c);
			}
			if ((c == -1) && (input.length() == 0)) {
				return null;
			}
			return input.toString();
		}
		
		if(lineend > 0 && buffer[lineend-1] == '\r'){
			str = new String(buffer, buf_pos, lineend - buf_pos -1);
		}
		else {
			str = new String(buffer, buf_pos, lineend - buf_pos);
		}
		buf_pos = lineend +1;
		return str;
	 }

}